Titre : | Operational considerations for the installation of compounds in an initial entry operation |
Auteurs : | Thomas Peiker |
Type de document : | Thesis |
Editeur : | Brussels [Belgique] : Royal Military Academy, 2013 |
Article en page(s) : | 1 vol. |
Langues: | Anglais |
Tags : | Working paper ; CSEM/HStO 127 |
Résumé : |
In the recent decades, NATO and EU forces conducted several missions far away from the homeland of the troop contributing nations. The threat for getting sent across the world is rising. The location for a NATO or EU operation abroad can be very different in climate, distance to the homeland, geological circumstances and, of course, the level of challenges, risks and threats. The armed forces of the NATO and EU member countries developed equipment, assets and doctrines to face those facts and situations in friendly and also in hostile environments. In accordance with the challenge of the given task and purpose, a base is needed from which it is possible to conduct the mission. For that purpose, deployable compounds were developed. Due to the national ambition level of the different NATO and EU member states either different or for some reasons no solutions were brought into practice. Confronted with the NATO and EU ambition level of deployable military forces in the framework of the EU Battle Group (EU BG) or the NATO Response Force (NRF) the question arises, at what operational planning guidance and doctrine should a build up of a military compound in an initial entry operation be based on? There exists NATO and EU wide a huge amount of national and alliance knowledge1 as well as study work2 regarding Military engineering topics in a general perspective, but a special guideline for the initial character does not exist. As an engineer, the author made the experience that at the end of the day national doctrines will have the ultimate influence on national engineer planning. Therefore most experiences which considerable nation made in missions are based on national planning and doctrine. Especially for this topic with the main effort on initial entry operation considerable engineer doctrines and experiences were made by the US and the U.K. military forces. This research will pick up facts, operational planning parameters and solutions for establishing a compound in an initial entry as well as an expeditionary mission abroad, to add valuable considerations tailored to the initial or the expeditionary military approach to the existing documents. The main focus is on planning and on the usability of several solutions for European forces. Therefore, the ambition level of the European Battle Group and the NATO Response Force, European Forces are involved in both, will have an impact on the considerations. Keywords in this topic are also interoperability and applicability of means and measures. Eventually, typical for military considerations made in Germany, not only military but also civilian standards regarding accommodation for military entities will be mentioned. Different nations bound in the EU and NATO developed different guidance and doctrines for planning and engineering for a mission abroad. Especially Headquarters Infrastructure, Equipment Support Infrastructure and Medical Infrastructure are especially very different, because of different manufacturers of this equipment which are often nation-bound companies and / or the different ambition level based in the national defense planning guidances. High potential for comparison is in the accommodation planning considerations of the military forces of nations which are members in the NATO and or EU and share a common ground of political, social and military understanding. This paper will give guidance regarding the factors, which influence the installation of a compound and will then focus on engineering considerations for the built up of compounds. Due to the fact, that U.K. and U.S. Military Forces have made several experiences regarding the topic of this paper, I took those doctrines and guidance as well as two experience briefs into account. To underline that, it could be stated that, the armed forces of the United States of America are historically able to rapidly conduct missions in a terrain abroad as it can be read in Pamphlet 420-200, Army in Europe: “Peacetime CONOPS are politically and time sensitive. They use tailored forces, are usually short in duration and joint or combined in scope. A basic tenet of peacetime CONOPS is to rapidly project military forces consistent with the factors of mission, enemy, terrain, troops, time and civilian considerations to bring the contingency to closure under conditions favorable to the United States.3” This statement explains that, in the coming decades, the United States will face security challenges related to not only the continuing global war on terrorism but also to the growing power-projection capabilities of regional states armed with increasingly potent weapons. As partner of NATO, the chance for a deployment in an underdeveloped country with political and economical problems is high. Force Protection therefore is needed for keeping an acceptable level of effectiveness and numbers of losses. To take this into consideration, this research will also respect physical and engineering force protection. The British armed forces conducted several missions abroad accompanying the US military forces. It is appropriate to have a look at their doctrines and experiences for getting a second view on the same scene. Therefore, it was chosen to refer also to U.S. and U.K. doctrine and experiences as long as initial and expeditionary operations are concerned. In these scenarios, there weren’t mentioned any International Organization (IO) or Non Governmental Organization (NGO). The impact of those in a contemporary operation is very probable, e.g. under a United Nation Organization (UNO) resolution. Due to volume reasons, this is not part of this research. In the first chapter of this paper I will introduce the framework of an Initial Entry Operation (IEO) at the crossroads with Military Engineering. In addition to that short overview in strategic and operational foundations, this paper will set the frame for a deployment of NATO and EU military forces within the European Battlegroup, the NATO Response Force as well as U.K. and U.S. military forces regarding the experiences made by them in recent military operations. The second chapter focuses on factors, that could have implications in the installation of compounds in an IEO. Besides the natural conditions, such as geography, terrain and climate, I give further considerations on continuative factors like risks and threats. In chapter three, the main chapter, military engineering regarding planning, construction, equipment and techniques due to the installation of compounds plays the central role. The working method thereby distinguishes between a theoretical doctrinal approach and two experience briefs, concerning the U.K. and U.S. military forces. The last chapters four and five concentrate all considerations to make recommendations for the installation of compounds including future possible developments. Three buzzwords conclude this research in chapter five: interoperability, collective deployment and multinational development within NATO and EU. |
Exemplaires (1)
Code-barres | Cote | Support | Localisation | Section | Disponibilité |
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117468R | RMA Mast CSEM/HStO 127 DIV/28 | Thesis | Royal Military Academy | BIBL ERM Cave | Exclu du prêt |